skip all navigation
skip banner links
skip primary navigation

Zuni-Bandera Volcanic Field
References for New Mexico Basalts & Basaltic Volcanism

This list wide range of references dealing with the Zuni-Bandera and other New Mexican basaltic volcanic fields, processes of basaltic volcanism, and also some papers addressing the tectonic setting of basaltic volcanism within New Mexico. Within this list, papers or books that may be particularly useful to Rockin 2000 participants and other teachers are highlighted in red. Many of these can be found in the "Natural history of El Malpais National Monument" which is available at the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources publication department. This, and most other references on this list should be available at a college or university library.

  1. Allen, J. E., 1952, The Carrizozo Malpais: Roswell Geological Society Guidebook, p. 9-11.
  2. Andrew, J., 1997, Volcanic history of the northern Chain of Craters: Natural history of El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Bulletin 156, p. 31-40.
  3. Andrew, J. E., and Kudo, A. M., 1994, Alkalic basalt through tholeiitic basalt to basaltic-andesite compositions in the intermediate episode of Quaternary Zuni-Bandera volcanic field [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 75, p. 732.
  4. Andrew, J. E., and Kudo, A. M., 1994, Temporal, spatial, and chemical pattern of Quaternary basaltic volcanism in the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field Cibola County, New Mexico [abs]: New Mexico geology, v. 16, no. 3, p. 60.
  5. Anthony, E., 1993, Data techniques for Quaternary lavas: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 74, no. 31, p. 350.
  6. Anthony, E., Hoffer, J., Williams, W., Poths, J., and Penn, B., 1998, Geochemistry and geochronology of Quaternary mafic volcanic rocks in the vicinity of Carrizozo, New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, v. 48.
  7. Anthony, E. Y., Hoffer, J. M., Waggoner, W. K., and Chen, W. P., 1992, Compositional Diversity in Late Cenozoic Mafic Lavas in the Rio-Grande Rift and Basin and Range Province ; Southern New-Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, no. 8, p. 973-979.
  8. Bachman, G., and Mehnert, H., 1978, New K-Ar dates and the late Pliocene to Holocene geomorphic history of the central Rio Grande region, New Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 89, p. 283-292.
  9. Baldridge, W. S., 1979, Mafic and ultramafic inclusion suites from the Rio Grande Rift (New Mexico) and their bearing on the composition and thermal state of the lithosphere: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 6, p. 319-351.
  10. Baldridge, W. S., Vaniman, D. T., and Brunfelt, A. O., 1997, Magmagenesis and Crustal Underplating Beneath the Jemez Volcanic Field, New Mexico (USA) [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 78, no. 46, p. 826.
  11. Barker, J. M., McLemore, V. T., Wilson, M., and Austin, G. S., 1989, East Grants Ridge: A mineral potpourri: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, v. 40, p. 325-329.
  12. Bauman, S., Kyle, P. R., and Harrison, J. B., 1998, Characterization of desert loess on the Carrizozo lava flow, south-central New Mexico.: Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting. Abstract with Programs, v. 30, no. 7, p. A330.
  13. Bruce, A. I., and Keller,G. R., 1993, Upper crustal structure of the Valles Caldera; an interpretation of the gravity anomaly field in the Jemez Mountain volcanic field [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 74, p. 549.
  14. Bussod, G. Y. A., and Williams, D. R., 1991, Thermal and Kinematic Model of the Southern Rio-Grande Rift : Inferences From Crustal and Mantle Xenoliths From Kilbourne Hole ; New-Mexico: Tectonophysics, v. 197, no. 2-4, p. 373-389.
  15. Cascadden, T. E., Carney, J., Laughlin, A. W., Reid, K., and Kudo, A. M., 1994, El Calderon, a polygenetic basaltic cinder cone in the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field, Cibola County, New Mexico: Paleomagnetic and geochemical evidence [abs]: New Mexico geology, v. 16, no. 3, p. 61.
  16. Cascadden, T. E., Geissman, J. W., Kudo, A. M., and Laughlin, A. W., 1997, El Calderon cinder cone and related basalt flows: Natural history of El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Bulletin 156, p. 41-52.
  17. Cascadden, T. E., and Kudo, A. M., 1995, Petrogenesis of Quaternary alkalic and thoeliitic basalts in close spatial and temporal association, Zuni-Bandera volcanic field, NM [abs]: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, v. 27, no. 6, p. 107-108.
  18. Cascadden, T. E., and Kudo, A. M., 1996, Redefining the "Laguna" flow(s), Zuni-Bandera volcanic field, NM [abs]: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, v. 28, no. 7, p. 516.
  19. Cascadden, T. E., Kudo, A. M., and Geissman, J. W., 1997, Discovering the relationships in a family of volcanoes; Cerro Candelaria, Twin Craters, Lost Woman Crater, and Lava Crater, Natural history of El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Bulletin 156, New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM, United States, p. 53-59.
  20. Cascadden, T. E., Kudo, A. M., Geissman, J. W., Jenkins, H. L., Husler, J. W., Carney, J., Laughlin, A. W., and Reid, K., 1994, Quaternary polygenetic basaltic volcanism at El Caledron (EC), Zuni-Bandera volcanic field, NM: Paleomagnetic and geochemical evidence [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 75, p. 732.
  21. Cashman, K. V., 1993, Relationship between plagioclase crystallization and cooling rate in basaltic melts: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 113, p. 126-142.
  22. Chartier, T. A., Rose, W. I., and Stokes, J. B., 1988, Detailed record of SO2 emissions from Pu'u O'o between episodes 33 and 34 of the 1983-86 ERZ eruption, Kilauea Hawaii: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 50, p. 215-228.
  23. Chen, C. Y., Frey, F. A., Garcia, M. O., Dalyrymple, G. B., and Hart, S. R., 1991, The tholeiitic to alkalic basalt transition at Haleakala Volcano, Maui, Hawaii: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 106, p. 183-202.
  24. Condit, C. D., and Morrison, R. B., 1992, Quaternary volcanic rocks of the Colorado Plateau, in Morrison, R. B., ed., Quaternary Nonglacial Geology: Conterminous United States: Boulder, CO., Geological Society of America, p. 278-279.
  25. Cooper, J. L., 1990, Xenoliths and basaltic lavas from the Colorado Plateau transition zone: a combined investigation [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 71, p. 661.
  26. Davis, A., Clague, D. A., Schulz, M. S., and Hein, J. R., 1991, Low sulfur content in submarine lavas: An unreliable indicator of subaerial eruption: Geology, v. 19, p. 750-753.
  27. Davis, J., and Hawksworth, C., 1993, The petrogenesis of 30-20 Ma basic and intermediate volcanics from the Mogollon-Datil Volcanic Field, New Mexico, USA: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 115, p. 165-183.
  28. Delaney, J. R., Muenow, D. W., and Graham, D. G., 1976, Abundance of water, carbon, and sulfur in the glassy rims of submarine pillow basalts: Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, v. 42, p. 587-594.
  29. Dixon, J. E., Stolper, E., and Delaney, J. R., 1988, Infrared spectroscopic measurements of CO2 and H2O in Juan de Fuca Ridge basaltic glasses: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 90, p. 87-104.
  30. Dunbar, N., 1999, Cosmogenic 36Cl-determined age of the Carrizozo lava flows, south-central New Mexico: New Mexico Geology, v. 21, no. 2, p. 25-29.
  31. Dunbar, N. W., 1998, Cl-36 dating of the upper and lower Carrizozo lava flows, south-central New Mexico: New Mexico Geology, v. 20, p. 53.
  32. Dunbar, N. W., and Phillips, F. M., 1994, 36Cl surface exposure determinations of eruption ages for quaternary lava flows of the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field: New Mexico Geology, v. 16, p. 80.
  33. Ellisor, R., Wolff, J. A., Davidson, J. P., Kyle, P. R., and Gardner, J. N., 1995, Petrogenesis of Keres Group lavas, Jemez Mountain volcanic field, New Mexico [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 76, p. 665.
  34. Eppes, M. C., and Harrison, J. B. J., 1999, Spatial variability of soils develo18 December, 2013hern New Mexico: Prelude to a chronosequence study: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 24, no. 11, p. 1009-1024.
  35. Faris, K. B., 1980, A geochemical model for the magmatic history of the Carrizozo basalt field, south central New Mexico [Thesis thesis]: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, 168 p.
  36. Feigenson, M. D., 1986, Continental Alkali Basalts As Mixtures of Kimberlite and Depleted Mantle : Evidence From Kilbourne Hole Maar ; New-Mexico: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 13, no. 9, p. 965-968.
  37. Fink, J., and Fletcher, R. C., 1978, Ropy pahoehoe: surface folding of a viscous fluid: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 4, p. 151-170.
  38. Finnemore, S. L., Self, S., and Walker, G. P. L., 1993, Inflation features in lava flows of the Columbia River basalts: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 74, no. 43 Suppl.,, p. 555.
  39. Fisher, R. V., and Schmincke, H. U., 1984, Pyroclastic Rocks: New York, Springer-Verlag.
  40. Fitton, J. G., James, D., and Leeman, W. P., 1991, Basic magmatism associated with Late Cenozoic extension in the western United States: Compositional variations in space and time: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, no. B8, p. 13693-13711.
  41. Francis, P., 1993, Volcanoes- A planetary perspective: Oxford, Oxford University Press, 443 p.
  42. Frey, F. A., Garcia, M. O., Wise, W. S., Kennedy, A., Gurriet, P., and Albarede, F., 1991, The evolution of Mauna Kea Volcano, Hawaii: Petrogenesis of tholeiitic and alkalic basalts: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, no. B9, p. 14197-14636.
  43. Garcia, M. O., Jorgenson, B. A., and Mahoney, J. J., 1993, An evaluation of temporal geochemical evolution of Loihi summit lavas: Results from Alvin submersible dives: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 98, p. 537-550.
  44. Gerlach, T. M., 1982, Interpretation of volcanic gas data from tholeiitic and alkaline mafic lavas: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 45, no. 3, p. 235-244.
  45. Glenn, J., 1997, The scenery and geology of north-central New Mexico [abs]: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, v. 29, no. 6, p. 471.
  46. Goar, M. S., 1991, Lava caves in New Mexico; a survey of vulcanospeleological resources [abs]: Geo2, v. 19, p. 20.
  47. Godchaux, M. M., Bonnichsen, B., and Jenks, M. D., 1992, Types of phreatomagmatic volcanoes in the western Snake River Plain, Idaho, USA: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 52, p. 1-25.
  48. Goff, F., 1996, Vesicle cylinders in vapor-differentiated basalt flows: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 71, p. 167-185.
  49. Grissino-Mayer, H. D., Swetnam, T. W., and Adams, R. K., 1997, The rare, old-aged conifers of El Malpais; their role in understanding climatic change in the American Southwest: Natural history of El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Bulletin 156, p. 155-162.
  50. Harris, D. M., and Anderson, A. T., 1984, Volatiles H2O, CO2 and Cl in a subduction related basalt: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 87, p. 120-128.
  51. Hawley, J. W., and Love, D. W., 1991, Quaternary and Neogene landscape evolution: A transect across the Colorado Plateau and Basin and Range provinces in west-central and central New Mexico, in Julian, B., and Zidek, J., eds., Field Guide to Geologic Excursions in New Mexico and adjacent areas of Texas and Colorado, New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Bulletin 137, p. 105-148.
  52. Head, J. W., and Wilson, L., 1989, Basaltic pyroclastic eruptions: Influence of gas-release patterns and volume fluxes on fountain structure, and the formation of cinder cones, spatter cones, rootless flows, lava ponds and lava flows: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 37, p. 261-271.
  53. Heizler, M. T., McIntosh, W. C., Wilch, T. I., and Stroud, J., 1997, 40Ar/39Ar dating of basalts younger than 100 ka [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 78, no. 46, p. 771.
  54. Hole, M. J., Kempton, P. D., and Millar, I. L., 1993, Trace-Element and Isotopic Characteristics of Small-Degree Melts of the Asthenosphere : Evidence From the Alkalic Basalts of the Antarctic Peninsula: Chemical Geology, v. 109, no. 1-4, p. 51-68.
  55. Houghton, B. F., and Wilson, C. J. N., 1989, A vesicularity index for pyroclastic deposits: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 51, p. 451-462.
  56. Huppert, H. E., and Sparks, R. S. J., 1988, The generation of granitic magmas by intrusion of basalt into continental crust: Journal of Petrology, v. 29, p. 599-624.
  57. Jaupart, C., and Vergniolle, S., 1989, The generation and collapse of a foam layer at the roof of a basaltic magma chamber: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v. 203, p. 347-380.
  58. Jenkins, H. L., Cascadden, T. E., Kudo, A. M., Geissman, J. W., and Husler, J. W., 1994, Geochemistry and paleomagnetic constraints on timing of Quaternary basaltic eruptions in the Zuni-Bandera volcanic filed, NM [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 75, no. 44, p. 732.
  59. Julian, B., and Zidek, J., 1991, Field Guide to Geologic Excurisons in New Mexico and adjacent areas of Texas and Colorado, New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Bulletin 137, 192 p.
  60. Kempton, P. D., Fitton, J. G., Hawkesworth, C. J., and Omerod, D. S., 1991, Isotopic and trace element constraints on the composition and evolution of lithosphere beneath the southwestern United States: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, no. B8, p. 13713-13735.
  61. Keszthelyi, L. P., and Pieri, D., 1990, Why are the Carrizozo lava flows 75 km long? [abs]: Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the 21st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, v. 21, p. 625-626.
  62. Keszthelyi, L. P., and Pieri, D. C., 1993, Emplacement of the 75-km-long Carrizozo lava flow field, south central New Mexico: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 59, p. 59-75.
  63. Kushiro, I., 1979, Fractional crystallization of basaltic magma, in Yoder, H. S., ed., The Evolution of Igneous Rocks: Princeton, Princeton University Press, p. 171-199.
  64. Laughlin, A., Aldrich, M., Ander, M., Heiken, G., and Vaniman, D., 1982, Tectonic setting and history of late-cenozoic volcanism in west-central New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, v. 33, p. 279-284.
  65. Laughlin, A. W., Aldrich, M. J., Ander, M. E., Heiken, G. H., and Vaniman, D. T., 1984, Tectonic setting and history of Late-Cenozoic volcanism in West-Central New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, v. 33, p. 279-284.
  66. Laughlin, A. W., Brookins, D. G., and Causey, J. D., 1972, Late Cenozoic Basalts from the Bandera Lava Field, Valencia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 83, no. 5, p. 1543-1551.
  67. Laughlin, A. W., Brookins, D. G., Damon, P., and Shafiquallah, M., 1979, Late Cenozoic volcanism of the central Jemez zone of New Mexico and Arizona: Isochron West, v. 25, p. 5-8.
  68. Laughlin, A. W., Brookins, D. G., and Damon, P. E., 1976, Late-Cenozoic basaltic volcanism along the Jemez Zone of New Mexico and Arizona: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Program, v. 8, p. 598.
  69. Laughlin, A. W., Charles, R. W., Reid, K., and White, C., 1993, Field-trip guide to the geochronology of the El Malpais National Monument and the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field, New Mexico, New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Bulletin 149, p. 23.
  70. Laughlin, A. W., Manzer, G. K., Jr., and Carden, J. R., 1974, Feldspar Megacrysts in Alkali Basalts: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 85, no. 3, p. 413-416.
  71. Laughlin, A. W., and Perry, F. V., 1997, Photographic atlas of volcanic features: Natural history of El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Bulletin 156, p. 13-24.
  72. Laughlin, A. W., Perry, F. V., Damon, P. E., Shafiqullah, M., Harrington, C. D., Wells, S. G., and Drake, P., 1993, Geochronology of the Mount Taylor, Cebollita Mesa, and Zuni-Bandera volcanic fields, Cibola County, New Mexico: New Mexico Geology, v. 15, no. 4.
  73. Laughlin, A. W., Perry, F. V., and WoldeGabriel, G., 1994, Geochronology and geochemistry of basalts of the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field; a review and update [abs]: New Mexico Geology, v. 16, p. 60.
  74. Laughlin, A. W., Poths, J., Healey, H. A., Reneau, S., and WoldeGabriel, G., 1994, Dating of Quaternary basalts using the cosmogenic 3He and 14C methods with implications for excess 40Ar: Geology, v. 22, p. 135-138.
  75. Laughlin, A. W., and WoldeGabriel, G., 1997, Dating the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field, Natural history of El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Bulletin 156, New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM, United States, p. 25-30.
  76. Lofgren, G. E., 1983, Effect of heterogeneous nucleation on basaltic textures: A dynamic crystallization study: Journal of Petrology, v. 24, p. 229-255.
  77. Marsh, B. D., Gunnarsson, B., Congdon, R., and Carmody, R., 1991, Hawaiian basalt and Icelandic rhyolite: indicators of differentiation and partial melting: Geologische Rundschau, v. 80, no. 2, p. 481-510.
  78. Maxwell, C., 1986, Geological map of El Malpais lava field and surrounding areas, Cibola County, New Mexico: United States Geological Survey Map, v. I-1595.
  79. McKenzie, D., and O, N. R. K., 1983, Mantle reservoirs and ocean island basalts: Nature (London), v. 301, no. 5897, p. 229-231.
  80. Menzies, M. A., and Kyle, P. R., 1990, Continental volcanism: A crust-mantle probe, in Menzies, M. A., ed., Continental Mantle: New York, Oxford University Press, p. 157-177.
  81. Menzies, M. A., Kyle, P. R., Jones, M., and Ingram, G., 1991, Enriched and depleted source components for tholeiitic and alkaline lavas from Zuni-Bandera, New Mexico: Inferences about intraplate processes and stratified lithosphere: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 13645-13671.
  82. Michealides, E. E., 1989, The role of vapor in volcanic activity: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 37, p. 251-260.
  83. Minchak, S. L., Kudo, A. M., and Baldridge, W. S., 1996, Evidence of shield volcano morphology, Lobato Basalt, Jemez volcanic field, NM [abs]: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, v. 28, no. 7, p. 378.
  84. Nichols, R. L., 1946, McCartys basalt flow, Valencia County, New Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 57, p. 1049-1086.
  85. Perry, F. V., Baldridge, W. S., and DePaulo, D. J., 1987, Role of asthenosphere and lithosphere in the genesis of late Cenozoic basaltic rocks from the Rio Grande Rift and adjacent regions of the Southwestern United States: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 92, p. 9193-9213.
  86. Phillips, F. M., Dunbar, N. W., and Zreda, M. G., 1997, A Test of Chlorine-36 for Dating of Late Quaternary Basaltic Volcanoes [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 78, no. 46, p. 760.
  87. Phillips, W. M., Lifton, N. A., Quade, J., and A.J.T., J., 1994, In situ-produced 14C in Late Quaternary lava flows of the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field, New Mexico [abs]: New Mexico geology, v. 16, no. 3, p. 61.
  88. Phillips, W. M., Lifton, N. A., Quade, J., and Jull, A. J. T., 1994, In situ-produced 14C in late Quaternary lava flows, Western United States [abs], Abstracts of the Eighth International Conference on Geochronology, Cosmochronology, and Isotope Geology, U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1107: Berkeley, CA, United States, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, United States, p. 250.
  89. Poths, J., Healey, H., and Laughlin, A. W., 1993, Ubiquitous excess argon in very young basalts [abs]: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, v. 25, no. 6, p. 462.
  90. Poths, J., Phillips, W. M., and Banar, J., 1995, Understanding noble gas components in continental lavas [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 76, p. 286.
  91. Pyle, D. M., 1989, The thickness, volume and grainsize of tephra fall deposits: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 51, p. 1-15.
  92. Renault, J., 1970, Major element variations in the Potrillo, Carizozo, and McCartys basalt fields, New Mexico: New Mexico Bureau of Mining and Mineral Resources Circular, v. 113, p. 1-22.
  93. Ring, J. H., Cascadden, T. E., and Kudo, A. M., 1995, Stratigraphic relationships and within-flow variations in the El Calderon and Hoya de Cibola Quaternary basaltic lava flows; central Zuni-Bandera volcanic field, NM [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 76, no. 46, p. 700.
  94. Ring, J. H., Cascadden, T. E., and Kudo, A. M., 1996, Geochemistry, paleomagnetism, and stratigraphic relationships of the Grants, El Calderon, and Hoya de Cibola Quaternary basaltic lava flows; central Zuni-Bandera volcanic field, NM [abs]: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, v. 28, no. 7, p. 378.
  95. Ring, J. H., Kudo, A. M., and Cascadden, T. E., 1997, Use of Multivariate Statistical Analysis (Roy's test, Discriminant Analysis) in distinquishing different Magma Sources: an Example from the Zuni-Bandera Volcanic Field, NM. [abs]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 78, no. 46, p. 815.
  96. Rogers, B., W., and Mosch, C. J., 1997, In the basement; lava-tube origins and morphology: Natural history of El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Bulletin 156, p. 61-68.
  97. Rogers, B. W., 1991, General geology and development of lava tubes in New Mexico's El Malpais National Monument; confirming epsomite in the field by taste testing [abs]: The National Speleological Society Bulletin, v. 53, p. 57.
  98. Rogers, B. W., and Mosch, C. J., 1997, Snowballs in the underground; lava-tube deposits and morphology: Natural history of El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Bulletin 156, p. 83-90.
  99. Rowland, S. K., and Walker, G. P. L., 1990, Pahoehoe and aa in Hawaii; volumetric flow rate controls the lava structure: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 52, no. 8, p. 615-628.
  100. Salyards, S. L., 1991, A possible mid-holocene age of the Carrizozo Malpais from paleomagnetics using secular variation magnetostratigraphy: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, v. 42, p. 153-157.
  101. Seager, W. R., 1987, Caldera-like collapse at Kilbourne Hole maar, New Mexico: New Mexico Geology, v. 9, no. 4, p. 69-73.
  102. Self, S., and Francis, P. W., 1987, Volcanology: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 25, no. 5, p. 1065-1078.
  103. Sims, K. W. W., Depaulo, D. J., Murrell, M. T., and Baldridge, W. S., 1994, 238U-230Th disequilibrium in young basalts: Implications for eruptive ages, residence times, and petrogensis: New Mexico Geological Society Abstract Volume, v. Spring, 1994, p. 33.
  104. Sparks, R. S. J., 1978, THe dynamics of bubble formation and growth in magmas: A review and analysis: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 3, p. 1-37.
  105. Spence, W., and Gross, R. S., 1990, A tomographic glimpse of the upper mantle source of magmas of the Jemez Lineament, New Mexico: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 95, p. 10,829-10,849.
  106. Stothers, R. B., Wolff, J. A., Self, S., and Rampino, M. R., 1986, Basaltic fissure eruptions, plume heights, and atmospheric aerosols: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 13, p. 725-728.
  107. Theilig, E., 1990, Zuni-Bandera, in Wood, C. A., and Kienle, J., eds., Volcanoes of North America: New York, Cambridge Univeristy Press, p. 303-305.
  108. Thielig, E., 1990, Carrizozo, in Wood, C. A., and Kienle, J., eds., Volcanoes of North America: New York, Cambridge Univeristy Press, p. 308-309.
  109. Weber, R. H., 1964, Geology of the Carrizozo Quadrangle, New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, v. 15, p. 100-109.
  110. White, R., and McKenzie, D., 1989, Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continential margins and flood basalts: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 94, p. 7685-7729.
  111. Williams, H., and McBirney, A. R., 1979, Volcanology: San Francisco, Freeman, Cooper and Company, 397 p.
  112. Zreda, M. G., Phillips, F. M., Kubik, P. W., Sharma, P., and Elmore, D., 1993, Cosmogenic 36Cl dating of a young basaltic eruption complex, Lathrop Wells, Nevada: Geology, v. 21, p. 57-60.